Direct Acidification
Acidification achieved by adding an authorised acid or acid-releasing ingredient rather than relying primarily on microbial fermentation.
Direct acidification may use lactic, citric or other authorised acids, glucono-delta-lactone or encapsulated acid systems. Each produces a different rate and distribution.
Free acid can denature proteins during mixing, while encapsulation or slow hydrolysis delays acid action. Process temperature and mechanical damage can change the intended release.
Added dose does not predict final pH without the product’s buffering capacity. Distribution and representative measurement remain necessary.
Rapid acidification can create brittle texture, purge or sharp flavour. A direct-acid product should not be described automatically as traditionally fermented.
A target pH may be one hurdle, but the process must address the relevant pathogen, time, temperature, heat, drying and storage conditions.
Verify authorised ingredients, addition sequence, pH curve, endpoint and product identity. Changes in encapsulation, supplier or formula require reassessment.
Related in the Codex
References
- https://www.fsis.usda.gov/guidelines/2023-0002
- https://www.fsis.usda.gov/policy/fsis-directives/7120.1
- https://www.fao.org/fao-who-codexalimentarius/codex-texts/codes-of-practice/en/