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Field guide8 Curing Problems: How to Diagnose, Fix, and Prevent Them

Dry-cured sausage recipeOrigin Recipe

'Nduja di Spilinga

Soft, fiery and spreadable, carried by fat and the heat of Calabrian peperoncino.

Draft

This recipe is a draft, pending verification by The Curesmith. Treat the salt, cure and timing figures as provisional and confirm them against your own judgement before curing.

Introduction

'Nduja is a soft, fiery Calabrian salume built from pork fat, fatty meat and a large measure of local red chilli. The mixture is finely worked, stuffed into a broad casing, lightly smoked and matured while remaining spreadable. Spilinga is its recognised cultural centre, but the name does not currently carry an EU PDO or PGI registration.

The Curesmith home method

The encyclopedia article is ready, but the Curesmith home recipe is withheld pending product-specific technical validation of its safety endpoints. No formula or process should be inferred from the traditional description.

Where it comes from

Pork cut chart with the Jowl (cheek) highlighted
Pork · Jowl (cheek)Fatty cuts including cheek and belly
Spilinga, Italy

Before you begin

Purpose and scope

The recipes published on The Curesmith are intended for educational and informational purposes only. Meat curing, fermentation and smoking involve processes that, if carried out incorrectly, can result in products that are unsafe to eat. By using any recipe on this website you acknowledge that you do so entirely at your own risk, and you agree that The Curesmith and its authors cannot be held liable for any outcome arising from its use.

Limitation of liability

The Curesmith and its authors accept no responsibility or liability for any illness, injury, loss or damage arising from the use of these recipes, including but not limited to illness caused by improperly cured, handled or cooked meat products, errors in measurement or technique, equipment failure, or deviation from the stated method or quantities.

Nitrite and cure safety

Meat curing involves the use of nitrite salts, which must be measured accurately and used strictly according to the quantities specified. Nitrite in excessive quantities is toxic. Please ensure you understand the following before proceeding:

  • Always use a calibrated digital scale accurate to at least one gram. For smaller batches, a scale accurate to 0.1g is strongly recommended.
  • Never exceed the stated cure amounts. Never substitute cure types without recalculating.
  • Store all curing salts clearly labelled, separately from regular salt, and out of reach of children.
  • Different cure products have different nitrite concentrations. Always check your manufacturer's label and adjust quantities accordingly.

Food hygiene and cross-contamination

Raw and cured meat products must be stored, handled and prepared in a clean environment using food-safe equipment. Hands, surfaces, tools and containers must be thoroughly cleaned and where appropriate sanitised before use. Cross-contamination between raw meat and ready-to-eat products must be avoided at all times.

Temperature control

Temperature control is critical throughout all curing and smoking processes. Inadequate temperature management can allow the growth of dangerous pathogens including Clostridium botulinum, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella and E. coli. A reliable refrigerator thermometer and a calibrated probe thermometer are essential pieces of equipment for anyone producing cured or smoked meat at home.

Uncooked cured products

Whole muscle products that are eaten without cooking, such as air-dried bresaola, coppa or prosciutto, must reach their target weight loss before consumption. Products that have not been cured and dried to the correct specification may not be safe to eat uncooked. Pancetta and guanciale cured to less than 38% weight loss must not be consumed uncooked.

Bacon and other uncooked cured products

Bacon and other uncooked cured products must be cooked thoroughly before eating. Cold smoking adds flavour and colour but does not cook the product. A cold-smoked bacon or sausage remains a raw product and must reach a safe internal temperature before it is safe to consume. For pork and beef this is 72°C / 162°F. For poultry this is 74°C / 165°F.

When in doubt, seek professional guidance

If you are unsure about any aspect of the curing, smoking or fermentation process, we strongly encourage you to seek formal training or guidance from a qualified food safety professional before proceeding. The information on this website is not a substitute for proper food safety education and training.

Commercial production

These recipes are produced for home and small-scale producers. They are not intended for commercial food production. Commercial meat processing is subject to regulatory requirements that vary by country and jurisdiction. If you intend to produce cured or smoked products for sale, you must ensure full compliance with all applicable food safety regulations in your region.

The recipe

StyleFermented spreadable
CureCure #2
CultureStarter culture
FinishSoft, spreadable

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Ingredients

gAdjust to
scale the recipe
Meat & fat
Pork shoulderReference1000 g
Pork belly or jowl75% of pork shoulder750 g
Pork back fat75% of pork shoulder750 g
Cure, salt & sugar
Salt (additional)2.25%55 g
Cure #2 is about 94% salt. This additional salt brings the total to the 2.5% target.
Cure #2for 156 ppm6.2 g
Dextrose0.3%7.5 g
Feeds the starter culture. If substituting sugar, use 60%: 4.5 g
Starter culture
Starter culture0.35714285714285715 g per kg meat0.4 g
I prefer Flora Italia LC, but you can use your preferred starter culture. No precision scale? Use 1.0 g - you cannot meaningfully overdose a starter culture. Dissolve before mixing in.
Water (to dissolve culture)20 ml per kg meat20 g
Aromatics & seasoning
Sweet Calabrian chilli15%150 g
Hot Calabrian chilli5%50 g

Nitrite safety check

Nitrite (NO₂)
156.0ppm
Nitrate (NO₃)
99.8ppm
Nitrite level156.0 / 200 ppm max
0156 ppm200 ppm
Safe
Within safe limits. Effective for pathogen control and colour development.

Curing timeline

Ferment24-48 hours at 20 to 24 C (68 to 75 F), 90 to 85% RH
Target pH4.8 to 5.3
Lightly dry (optional)16 to 12 C (61 to 54 F), 85 to 75% RH
Weight lossabout 10% to 15%, kept soft
SmokeCold-smoke below 25 C (77 F) after fermenting
Target weight loss15%

Method

1
Choose and cut the meat. Work to roughly seven parts fat to three parts lean. Take the fat from back fat, belly and jowl, and the lean from shoulder, ham or loin. Cut everything into strips or cubes of about 12 mm so it feeds the grinder evenly.
2
Grind fine. Pass the chilled meat and fat through a 3 to 5 mm plate. A fine grind is what gives the finished sausage its smooth, spreadable body.
3
Mix with salt and chilli. Add salt at about 3 percent, the optional curing salt, and a generous quantity of powdered Calabrian chilli in both hot and sweet forms. Knead firmly until the paste is even and takes on its deep red colour.
4
Stuff and prick. Stuff tightly into natural pork casings, from ordinary hog casings up to a bung or the blind cap of the gut for larger pieces. Prick all over to release trapped air, and support larger casings with cotton twine.
5
Settle the casings. Hang at room temperature for four to six hours until the surface of the casings feels dry to the touch.
6
Warm-smoke and dry. Hold at about 20 to 25 C (68 to 77 F) for five to seven days, applying a light hardwood smoke for roughly one hour each day. This warm phase dries the surface and starts the natural souring.
7
Mature. Move to a cooler store, easing from about 15 down to 12 C (54 F) at 65 to 75 percent humidity with gentle airflow. Smaller pieces are ready in around three weeks, while large sausages stuffed in the blind cap can need up to a couple of months.
8
Keep and serve. Store cool at about 10 to 12 C (50 to 54 F) and 75 percent humidity. Serve raw, spread onto bread.
Smoking guidanceCold-smoked below 25 C (77 F) after fermentation, before or during drying. Keep the chamber below 25 C (77 F) so the fat does not render, and build the colour over several gentle sessions.
Key tipsThis recipe is the house equilibrium version, standardised for safety, with the traditional flavourings from the Atlas entry. Keep everything cold, ferment to pH by measurement not by clock, and finish it soft, spread fresh or only lightly dried. This is a soft spreadable: it is not dried to the 38% floor, so it relies on a firm ferment to a safe pH and on the cure. Keep it refrigerated and treat it as a fresh product.
ImportantThis is eaten uncooked and is safe only once it has reached at least 38% weight loss (38% recommended), measured against the recorded green weight. Never taste or eat it before that.

Recipe by The Curesmith — thecuresmith.com